The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) continues to stir significant debate and controversy. Recently, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine criticized Poland's decision to commemorate July 11 as the Remembrance Day for victims of the "genocide by OUN and UPA," emphasizing that such unilateral decisions strain bilateral relations. Further complicating relations, Poland seeks to align UPA propaganda with that of Nazism and Communism through a new bill. In Ukraine, UPA's historical significance remains celebrated, evidenced by the honoring of centurion Myroslav Symchych with the Hero of Ukraine title and the law recognizing UPA fighters as veterans. Meanwhile, tensions continue as Polish nationalists dismantled a UPA monument, while the Ukrainian Prosecutor General's Office investigates historical crimes against UPA members. The UPA holds a complex place in history, with ongoing debates about its role and recognition both domestically and abroad.
Why did Poland establish July 11 for UPA remembrance?
The Polish Sejm designated July 11 as the Remembrance Day for victims of "genocide by OUN and UPA" to commemorate the Volhynia massacre. This decision, however, has been seen by Ukrainian officials as a unilateral move that undermines mutual understanding and good neighbourly relations between Poland and Ukraine.
What is the proposed law in Poland about UPA propaganda?
The proposed bill in the Polish Sejm aims to criminalize the propagation of UPA propaganda, equating it with Nazism and Communism. This reflects ongoing tensions and differing perceptions regarding the UPA's historical role and actions during World War II and beyond.
How does Ukraine honor UPA fighters today?
Ukraine recognizes UPA fighters as veterans through a law that came into force on March 26. Additionally, notable members such as Myroslav Symchych have been awarded honors like the title of Hero of Ukraine, symbolizing the country's acknowledgment of UPA's role in fighting for Ukraine's independence against multiple adversaries.
What was the Constitutional ruling in Poland about Ukrainian nationalists?
The Constitutional Tribunal of Poland ruled unconstitutional the use of terms such as "Ukrainian nationalists" and "Eastern Little Poland" in the law on the Institute of National Remembrance. This ruling highlights the contentious legal and historical interpretations of nationalist movements within Poland.
Why did activists dismantle a UPA monument in Poland?
Activists, along with Polish nationalist organizations, dismantled a UPA monument in Hruszowice citing it as a symbol of controversial historical interpretations. The act was likely motivated by the ongoing disputes regarding the legacy of UPA and its activities during and after World War II.
