Russian propaganda remains a potent tool in the ongoing conflict, with Kremlin figures like Yuriy Kotenok acknowledging unmet goals of the "special military operation (SMO)" after three years. Video evidence captures Russian soldiers detailing unconventional psychological tactics used by the Ukrainian Armed Forces. Meanwhile, Kremlin mouthpieces propose grandiose, symbolic gestures such as gifting occupied lands to SMO 'heroes'. The situation is further complicated by increasing pro-Russian sentiment in neighbouring regions like Poland, countered by significant efforts to curb misinformation, as evidenced by YouTube's removal of thousands of propaganda-driven channels. Amid these narratives, Ukraine continues its strategic response with new sanctions against individuals and entities propagating Russian narratives. 
 What are the key objectives of Russian propaganda in Ukraine?
  
Russian propaganda aims to achieve multiple goals in Ukraine, including disseminating narratives that justify and support the Kremlin’s military actions, undermine Ukrainian sovereignty, and sway public opinion both domestically and internationally. It often features themes of 'denazification' and 'demilitarization', which remain unfulfilled as per recent admissions by Kremlin-associated figures.
    How is the Ukrainian Armed Forces reportedly countering Russian misinformation tactics?
  
Reports indicate that the Ukrainian Armed Forces deploy unconventional methods to challenge and destabilize Russian troops psychologically. This includes deploying cultural elements, such as music that resonates with Ukrainian identity, to undermine Russian morale and question the narrative espoused by Kremlin propaganda outlets.
    What role does social media play in countering or propagating Russian narratives?
  
Social media is a significant battleground for both propagating and countering Russian narratives. Platforms like YouTube have taken steps to curb misinformation by removing thousands of channels linked to Russian and allied state propaganda efforts. These measures aim to prevent the widespread dissemination of misleading content that can influence public perception and international politics.
    How is Russian propaganda affecting international relations?
  
Russian propaganda is a destabilizing factor in international relations, contributing to tension and misinformation. It fosters anti-Western sentiments and clashes with global diplomatic efforts, leading to sanctions and further isolating Russia. Countries, particularly in NATO and the EU, face pressures from rising pro-Russian sentiment within certain political groups, complicating unified responses to the conflict.
    How have European countries responded to the spread of Russian propaganda?
  
European countries have taken varied approaches to combat Russian propaganda, including media literacy campaigns, enhanced cyber security measures, and legal actions like sanctions against individuals promoting these narratives. International collaborations also aim to share intelligence on propaganda efforts, ensuring a coordinated and transparent response across the continent.